Chủ đề tiếng Anh về tội phạm là dạng bài hóc búa trong các dạng bài thi IELTS, bạn sẽ dễ bị bí ý tưởng nếu chưa có sự chuẩn bị và tìm hiểu kỹ càng. Nhưng nếu như bạn tích lũy được vốn từ vựng, idioms hay và có chuẩn bị tốt thì đây là cơ hội tốt để đạt band điểm cao khi gây ấn tượng với ban giám khảo. Cùng WISE ENGLISH tìm hiểu tất tần tật chủ đề tiếng Anh về tội phạm trong bài thi IELTS nhé.
I. TỔNG HỢP TỪ VỰNG CHỦ ĐỀ TIẾNG ANH VỀ TỘI PHẠM
| TỪ VỰNG | PHÁT ÂM | NGHĨA TIẾNG VIỆT |
| A fine | /ə faɪn/ | Sự phạt tiền |
| A harsh punishment | /ə hɑːrʃˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ | Hình phạt khắc nghiệt, nặng |
| A heist | /ə haɪst/ | Vụ cướp tiệm vàng, nhà băng |
| A pirate | /əˈpaɪrət/ | Hải tặc |
| A prison sentence | /əˈprɪznˈsentəns/ | Án tù |
| A suspended sentence | /ə səˈspendɪdˈsentəns/ | Án treo |
| A wanted fugitive | /əˈwɑːntɪdˈfjuːdʒətɪv/ | Tội phạm bị truy nã |
| A wanted notice | /əˈwɑːntɪdˈnoʊtɪs/ | Lệnh truy nã |
| Accomplice | /əˈkɑːmplɪs/ | Kẻ đồng lõa |
| Affidavit | /æfəˈdeɪvɪt/ | Bản cam đoan có tính pháp lý |
| Arson | /ˈɑːrsn/ | Tội phóng hỏa |
| Arsonist | /ˈɑːrsənɪst/ | Kẻ phạm tội phóng hỏa |
| Assassination | /əˌsæsɪˈneɪʃn/ | Sự hành thích, ám sát |
| Authority | /əˈTHôrədē/ | Chính quyền, chính phủ |
| Burglar | /ˈbɜːrɡlər/ | Kẻ vào nhà trộm đồ |
| Capital punishment | /ˌkæpɪtl ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ | Hình phạt tử hình |
| Catch red-handed | /kætʃˌred ˈhændɪd/ | Bắt quả tang |
| Child abuser | /tʃaɪld əˈbjuːzər/ | Kẻ ngược đãi trẻ em |
| Child molester | /tʃaɪld məˈlestər/ | Kẻ dâm ô trẻ em |
| Civil law | /ˌsɪvl ˈlɔː/ | Luật dân sự |
| Client | / ˈklīənt/ | Thân chủ |
| Claim insanity | /kleɪm ɪnˈsænəti/ | Tuyên bố không có tội do bị bệnh tâm thần |
| Class action | / klasˈakSH(ə)n/ | Vụ khởi kiện tập thể |
| Community service | /kəˌmjuːnəti ˈsɜːrvɪs/ | Hình phạt lao động công ích |
| Con artist | /kɑːnˈɑːrtɪst/ | Kẻ lừa đảo chuyên nghiệp |
| Corporal punishment | /ˌkɔːrpərəl ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ | Hình phạt đòn roi |
| Corruption | /kəˈrʌpʃn/ | Tội tham nhũng |
| Court | /kɔːrt/ | Tòa án |
| Complaint | / kəmˈplānt/ | Khiếu kiện |
| Collegial courts | /Collegial kɔːts/ | Tòa cấp cao |
| Crime | / krīm/ | Phạm tội |
| Criminal | /ˈkrɪmɪnl/ | Kẻ tội phạm, tên tội phạm |
| Cross-examination | /ˈkrɒsɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃᵊn/ | Đối chất |
| Defendant | /dɪˈfendənt/ | Bị cáo |
| Defense attorney | /dɪˈfens əˈtɜːrni/ | Luật sư biện hộ |
| Detention | /dɪˈtenʃn/ | Phạt cấm túc |
| Discrimination | /dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ | Sự phân biệt đối xử |
| Drunk driving | /ˌdrʌŋk ˈdraɪvɪŋ/ | Lái xe khi say rượu |
| Entrapment | /ɪnˈtræpmənt/ | Hành vi phi pháp gài người khác phạm tội để bắt họ |
| Escape from prison | /ɪˈskeɪp frəmˈprɪzn/ | Vượt ngục |
| Evidence | /ˈevɪdəns/ | Bằng chứng củng cố vụ án |
| Extenuating circumstances | /ɪkˈstenjueɪtɪŋˈsɜːrkəmstænsiz/ | Tình tiết giảm nhẹ |
| Forfeiture | /ˈfɔːrfɪtʃər/ | Sự tịch thu tài sản |
| Give lines | /ɡɪv laɪniz/ | Chép phạt |
| Grounding | /ˈɡraʊndɪŋ/ | Hình phạt không cho trẻ ra khỏi nhà |
| Handcuff | /ˈhændkʌf/ | Còng tay |
| Hard evidence | /hɑːrdˈevɪdəns/ | Bằng chứng khó chối cãi |
| Homicide | /ˈhɑːmɪsaɪd/ | Vụ án giết người |
| Illegal logger | /ɪˈliːɡlˈlɔːɡər/ | Lâm tặc trộm gỗ |
| Illegal poacher | /ɪˈliːɡlˈpoʊtʃər/ | Kẻ săn bắn thú rừng trái phép |
| Impeachment | / ɪmˈpiʧmənt/ | Luận tội |
| Indictment | /ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/ | Cáo trạng |
| Inquisitorial method | /inˌkwizəˈtôrēəl ˈmeTHəd/ | Phương pháp điều tra |
| Independent | / ˌindəˈpendənt/ | Độc lập |
| Innocent people | /ˈɪn.ə.sənt ˈpiː.pəl/ | Những người vô tội |
| Inmate uniform | /ˈɪnmeɪtˈjuːnɪfɔːrm/ | Đồng phạm tù nhân |
| Judge | /dʒʌdʒ/ | Quan tòa, thẩm phán |
| Jury | /ˈdʒʊri/ | Bồi thẩm đoàn |
| Justice | /ˈdʒʌstɪs/ | Công lý |
| Juvenile delinquent | /ˌdʒuːvənl dɪˈlɪŋkwənt/ | Tội phạm vị thanh niên |
| Kidnapper | /ˈkɪdnæpər/ | Kẻ bắt cóc |
| Life in prison/ life imprisonment | /laɪf ɪnˈprɪzn/ | Án tù chung thân |
| Lawyer | / ˈloiər/ | Luật Sư |
| Lecturer | / ˈlek(t)SHərər/ | Thuyết Trình Viên |
| Legislation | /ˌledʒ.ɪˈsleɪ.ʃən/ | Pháp luật |
| Libertarian | / ˌlibərˈterēən/ | Tự Do |
| Loophole | /ˈlo͞opˌ(h)ōl/ | Lỗ hổng luật pháp |
| Lobbying | / ˈlɑbiɪŋ/ | Vận động hành lang |
| Massacre | /ˈmæsəkər/ | Sự tàn sát |
| Murderer | /ˈmɜːrdərər/ | Sát nhân |
| Magistrate | / ˈmajəˌstrāt/ | Thẩm phán hành chính địa phương |
| Moot | / mo͞ot/ | Vụ việc có thể tranh luận |
| Monetary penalty | / ˈmänəˌterē ˈpen(ə)ltē/ | Phạt tiền |
| Organized crime | /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd kraɪm/ | Tội phạm có tổ chức |
| Pedophile | /ˈpiːdəfaɪl/ | Kẻ bị bệnh ấu dâm |
| Pickpocket | /ˈpɪkpɑːkɪt/ | Kẻ móc túi |
| Piracy | /ˈpaɪrəsi/ | Tội sử dụng phần mềm không bản quyền |
| Plagiarism | /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/ | Tội gian lận thi cử, đạo văn |
| Plaintiff | /ˈpleɪntɪf/ | Bên nguyên đơn |
| Premeditated murder | /ˌpriːˈmedɪteɪtɪdˈmɜːrdər/ | Tội giết người có chủ đích |
| Prosecutor | /ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtər/ | Luật sư tố tụng |
| Prostitution | /ˌprɑːstɪˈtuːʃn/ | Mại dâm |
| Probation | /proʊˈbeɪ.ʃən/ | Chế độ án treo |
| Rapist | /ˈreɪpɪst/ | Kẻ hiếp dâm |
| Rehabilitation | /ˌriːəˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃn/ | Sự cải tạo |
| Revoke a license | /rɪˈvoʊk əˈlaɪsns/ | Tước bằng lái |
| Robber | /ˈrɑːbər/ | Kẻ cướp |
| Robbery | /ˈrɑːbəri/ | Vụ cướp có sử dụng bạo lực |
| Role model | /ˈroʊl mɑːdl/ | Tấm gương noi theo |
| Running a red light | /ˈrʌnɪŋ ə red laɪt/ | Tội vượt đèn đỏ |
| Serial criminal | /ˈsɪriəlˈkrɪmɪnl/ | Kẻ phạm tội nhiều lần |
| Shoplifter | /ˈʃɑːplɪftər/ | Kẻ ăn cắp trong cửa hàng, siêu thị |
| Smuggler | /ˈsmʌɡlər/ | Kẻ buôn lậu |
| Statement | /ˈsteɪtmənt/ | Lời khai, khẩu cung |
| Suspect | /səˈspekt/ | Nghi phạm |
| Swindle | /ˈswɪndl/ | Lừa đảo |
| Swindler | /ˈswɪndlər/ | Kẻ lừa đảo |
| Terrorist | /ˈterərɪst/ | Kẻ khủng bố |
| The death penalty | /ðə deθˈpenəlti/ | Án tử hình |
| The penal code | /ðəˈpiːnl koʊd/ | Luật hình sự |
| Trial | /ˈtraɪəl/ | Phiên tòa, phiên xử án |
| Transparent | / tran(t)sˈperənt/ | Minh bạch |
| Turn oneself in | /tɜːrn wʌnˈself ɪn/ | Tự đầu thú |
| Vandal | /ˈvændl/ | Kẻ phá hoại, vẽ bậy lên tài sản người khác |
| Voir dire | /vwɑr daɪr/ | Thẩm tra sơ khởi |
| Violent felony | / ˈvaɪələnt ˈfɛləni/ | Tội phạm mang tính côn đồ |
| Victim | /ˈvɪk.təm/ | Nạn nhân |
| White collar crime | /ˌwaɪt ˈkɑːlər kraɪm/ | Tội phạm kinh tế |
| Witness | /ˈwɪtnəs/ | Nhân chứng |
Xem thêm>> TỔNG HỢP BỘ TỪ VỰNG VỀ CHỦ ĐỀ CRIME – TỘI PHẠM TRONG TIẾNG ANH
II. IDIOMS TIẾNG ANH VỀ CHỦ ĐỀ TỘI PHẠM
| IDIOMS | NGHĨA TIẾNG VIỆT |
| To come clean = to tell the truth about something that you have been keeping secret | Lời thú tội |
| Above the law | Không cần tuân thủ luật pháp, lơ là luật pháp |
| Caught red-handed | Bắt quả tang ai đó làm điều sai trái |
| In the eyes of the law | Khi một vấn đề nào đó được công nhận là đúng hay sai dựa trên luật pháp |
| Fall from grace | Mất đi danh dự, sự ngưỡng mộ |
| Grease someone’s palm | Đút lót, hối lộ ai đó |
| To cover your tracks = to hide or destroy the things that show where you have been or what you have been doing | Che giấu những vết tích hay các việc mình đã làm |
| To be behind bars = to be in prison | Ngồi tù |
| To brush something under the carpet | Phủ nhận, phớt lờ điều gì đó, cố gắng che giấu sự thật |
| To catch somebody red handed = to discover someone while they are doing something bad or illegal | Bắt quả tang |
| Take part in unlawful activities = get involved in illegal activities = engage in criminal activities | Tham gia vào các hoạt động phạm pháp |
| To reoffend = to commit crimes again | Tái phạm |
| To receive capital punishment = to receive the death penalty | Nhận án tử hình |
| Send sb to prison = put sb under arrest | Bắt bỏ tù ai đó |
| To get away with murder = to be allowed to do things that other people would be punished or criticized for | Làm điều sai nhưng không bị trừng phạt |
| To bail someone out = to help a person or organization that is in difficulty, usually by giving or lending them money | Bảo lãnh |
Xem thêm>> 3 MẸO HỌC THÀNH NGỮ TIẾNG ANH
III. CHỦ ĐỀ TIẾNG ANH VỀ TỘI PHẠM KHI THI IELTS WRITING
1. Những idea khi thi IELTS Writing với chủ đề tiếng Anh về tội phạm
- Nguyên nhân của tội phạm: Nghiên cứu các nguyên nhân của tội phạm bao gồm yếu tố kinh tế, xã hội, giáo dục và gia đình. Xem xét sự liên quan giữa tỷ lệ tội phạm và nghèo đói, sự bất công xã hội, học sinh bị đánh giá thấp trong giáo dục, gia đình không ổn định,…
- Ảnh hưởng của tội phạm: Phân tích các ảnh hưởng của tội phạm đến cộng đồng và cá nhân, bao gồm những tác động tiêu cực như mất an ninh, thiệt hại về tài sản, thương vong con người và những hậu quả tâm lý.
- Biện pháp giảm tội phạm: Đưa ra các biện pháp khác nhau để giảm tội phạm, bao gồm kiểm soát vũ khí, cải thiện điều kiện kinh tế, đảm bảo sự công bằng xã hội, cải thiện giáo dục và hỗ trợ gia đình, tăng cường áp lực pháp luật.
- Tội phạm hàng hải: Đánh giá các loại tội phạm hàng hải và hiệu quả của các biện pháp ngăn chặn tội phạm này.
- Tội phạm mạng: Nghiên cứu về các loại tội phạm mạng như lừa đảo, hacking, tin tặc, tác động của tội phạm mạng đến cá nhân và xã hội.
- Công nghệ trong phòng chống tội phạm: Xem xét vai trò của công nghệ trong việc ngăn chặn tội phạm và điều tra tội phạm.
- Hiệu quả của hình phạt: Đánh giá hiệu quả của các hình thức phạt cho tội phạm, bao gồm án treo, án tù và khả năng tái hòa nhập vào xã hội.
- Các loại tội phạm: Tổng hợp các loại tội phạm thường gặp như cướp, trộm, mạng, gian lận,…để phân tích sâu hơn về các nguyên nhân và cách giảm thiểu tỷ lệ tội phạm.
2. Bài mẫu IELTS Writing task 2 về chủ đề tiếng Anh về tội phạm
Đề bài 1: The increase in crime rates is causing more anxiety for people today. What do you think are the causes of crime and what measures can be taken to reduce it?
Bài làm:
In recent years, the rise in crime rates has caused significant concerns among people. In this essay, I will discuss the reasons for this trend and suggest some feasible measures to address it.
One of the main factors leading to the increase in crime is poverty. People who live in poverty often cannot afford basic necessities such as food, housing, and healthcare, which can drive them to commit crimes to survive. Moreover, social injustice, such as discrimination and inequality, also contributes to the problem. When people feel unfairly treated by society, they may seek revenge by breaking the law.
Another factor is a negative education environment. Many young people who grow up in unstable families or attend low-quality schools may not receive proper guidance and support to develop good moral values. As a result, they may become involved in criminal activities without realizing the serious consequences of their actions.
To reduce crime rates, there are several measures that can be taken. First, governments should improve the economy and provide job opportunities for people, especially those living in poverty. This measure can help them earn a decent living and stay away from criminal activities. Second, authorities should address social injustice and promote equality in society. By treating people fairly, governments can create a harmonious environment where people are less likely to commit crimes. Finally, education systems should focus on character development and moral education to instill good values in young people. This approach can help them make better decisions and avoid engaging in criminal behavior.
In conclusion, the rise in crime rates is a complex issue, and it requires comprehensive solutions that involve multiple stakeholders. By addressing poverty, social injustice, and negative education environments, governments and societies can work together to reduce crime rates and create a safer world for everyone.
Đề bài 2: In many countries, crime is becoming more prevalent. What are the reasons for this increase and what can be done to prevent it?
Bài làm:
The increasing rate of crime has become a major concern in many societies. There are several reasons why crime rates have increased, and there are also measures that can be taken to prevent it.
One of the main causes of crime is poverty. Many people who live in poverty lack access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare. This can lead some individuals to commit crimes such as theft or robbery in order to survive. Moreover, social inequality and discrimination can also drive people to engage in illegal activities as a way to gain power or seek revenge against the society that has neglected them.
Another factor that contributes to the rise in crime is the lack of education and job opportunities. Many young people who grow up in disadvantaged areas often do not have access to high-quality education or job training programs. This can leave them with few prospects for the future, which can lead to feelings of hopelessness and despair. Some may turn to crime as a way to make money or escape their situation.
To address the increase in crime, there are several measures that can be taken. First, governments should work to reduce poverty and promote economic growth. This can be done by creating job training programs, offering financial assistance to those in need, and investing in infrastructure projects that stimulate economic growth. Second, there should be an emphasis on education and skill development for young people, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds. By providing the necessary tools and support, young people can develop the skills they need to succeed in life and avoid resorting to crime.
Finally, law enforcement agencies should be given the resources and support they need to effectively combat crime. This includes investing in technology and training, increasing police presence in high-risk areas, and working with community leaders to develop effective crime prevention strategies.
In conclusion, the increase in crime rates is a serious issue that requires a comprehensive solution. By addressing poverty, inequality, lack of education and job opportunities, and providing law enforcement with the necessary resources and support, societies can create a safer and more secure environment for everyone.
IV. CHỦ ĐỀ VỀ TỘI PHẠM KHI THI IELTS SPEAKING: MỘT SỐ CÂU HỎI THƯỜNG GẶP VÀ GỢI Ý TRẢ LỜI
1. IELTS Speaking PART 1
Câu hỏi 1: Do you think is it acceptable to break the law?
Trả lời: Well, I believe that since decades ago, people with authority have been laying down the law with the purpose to maintain orders, protect humans’ rights or establish standards. Therefore, considering yourself to be above the law and breaking them will not be a good idea and you might get yourself in trouble. But for some people who do not get enough protection from society might take the law into their own hands in order to survive. From my point of view, whatever the situation is, breaking the regulations is illegal and should not be conducted by any individual.
Câu hỏi 2: What do you think about stealing?
Trả lời: To be honest, I would never support this kind of behavior and I think that no one should too. I once caught my roommate red-handed stealing my jewelry and she tried to brush it under the carpet. I was extremely disappointed, so I changed my dorm room and stopped hanging out with her. She also received a lot of criticism from other students. That is why I believe that stealing is an act of crime and I do not advocate it.
2. IELTS Speaking PART 2
Câu hỏi 1: In order to get achieve goals, some people consider bribing is the best solution. What do you think about this matter?
Trả lời: In the eyes of the law, both the act of giving bribes and receiving bribes are prohibited. Some people believed that bribing a person with authority or anyone that has the power to assist them a huge favor would be an easy way to get approvals and these actions mainly happen under the table. I think that the most well-known way is to grease someone’s palm. But in reality, bribery can exist in any form, money or non-material benefits such as an opportunity for a promotion. Unfortunately, this is still an on-going situation which causes agitation for people who support anti-corruption. I once witnessed my classmate’s parents pay off the head teacher so that the girl could pass the SAT exam and they were exposed later on but tried their best to brush the case under the carpet. Although this could be the best solution for them since their daughter was not performing well at school. From my own perspective, this gesture is impractical and immoral. Instead, we should try to stay truthful and work our best to obtain our goals without having any illegal acts involved.
Câu hỏi 2: Have you ever witnessed a crime? Can you describe when and what the crime was?
Trả lời: Yes I have actually. About 5 years ago in my neighborhood there was this high prestige man and he was considered to be the voice of the community. For so many years, he had done great things for the locals and would support those in need. He even gave out his money and never asked for anything in return so we fully trusted this man and looked up to him. One time, he asked the whole neighborhood to donate for victims of the Harvey hurricane in Taxes so we did. The amount of the money was tremendous and he was the one to be incharge with. But after a couple of months, the guy’s family was suddenly nowhere to be found. They seemed to have disappeared and the whole neighborhood felt concerned so we reported it to the police. The authorities quickly arrested them and the man had to face court for his crime. It turned out that he had fallen from grace for a long time, he lost his job and all of his properties into gambling. He tried to take the Fifth at court and said that his wife was the one to carry the can. But beyond a reasonable doubt, he was guilty and was sentenced to prison later on.
V. MỘT SỐ BÀI TẬP CHỦ ĐỀ TIẾNG ANH VỀ TỘI PHẠM
Bài tập1: Read the following passage and answer the questions below:
Crime Rates Among Youth
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in crime rates among young people in many countries. This trend is concerning, as it can have negative effects on both individuals and society as a whole.
One factor that contributes to this rise in crime is poverty. Young people who grow up in disadvantaged areas may turn to crime as a means of making money or escaping their situation. Additionally, a lack of access to education or job opportunities can leave young people feeling hopeless, which can also contribute to criminal behavior.
Another factor is drug addiction. Many young people who struggle with addiction turn to crime in order to fund their habit. They may engage in activities such as theft or prostitution to obtain money to buy drugs.
To address this issue, governments and communities can take several measures. One approach is to provide more resources for education and job training programs, which can offer young people opportunities for a better future. Another approach is to provide support and treatment for young people who are struggling with addiction. Additionally, law enforcement agencies can work to build positive relationships with young people in their communities, in order to prevent crime from occurring in the first place.
Questions:
- Crime rates among young people have decreased in recent years. (False/True)
- Poverty can drive young people to engage in criminal behavior. (True/False)
- Access to education and job opportunities does not play a role in the rise of crime rates among youth. (False/True)
- Addiction can lead young people to commit crimes. (True/False)
- Providing education and job training programs can prevent young people from turning to crime. (True/False)
Bài tập 2: Read the following passage and answer the questions below:
Crime rates in many cities around the world have been increasing, and there are several reasons for this trend. One major factor is poverty. People who live in poverty often lack access to basic necessities such as food, shelter, and healthcare. This can lead them to commit crimes such as theft or robbery in order to survive.
Another factor that contributes to the rise in crime is drug addiction. Many people who struggle with addiction turn to crime as a way to fund their habit. They may engage in activities such as theft or prostitution to obtain money to buy drugs.
Furthermore, social inequality and discrimination can also drive people to engage in illegal activities. When individuals feel marginalized or excluded from society, they may turn to criminal behavior as a means of gaining power or seeking revenge against those who have mistreated them.
In addition to these factors, the lack of education and job opportunities can also contribute to the rise in crime rates. Young people who grow up in disadvantaged areas often do not have access to high-quality education or job training programs. This can leave them with few prospects for the future, which can lead to feelings of hopelessness and despair. Some may turn to crime as a way to make money or escape their situation.
Questions:
- What is one major factor that contributes to the rise in crime rates?
- Why do some people turn to crime when struggling with drug addiction?
- How can social inequality and discrimination drive people to engage in illegal activities?
- How does the lack of education and job opportunities contribute to the rise in crime rates?
- Can you suggest any measures that could be taken to reduce crime rates in disadvantaged areas?
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